Parasitic Diseases List

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Introduction Factor VII (FVII) is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease that is activated by exposure to integral membrane protein tissue factor on the vascular lumen and triggers the initiation of blood clotting (1). Inherited factor VII deficiency is the most common among the rare congenital coagulation disorders and is characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance (2). However, inherited factor VII deficiency is usually diagnosed by laboratory workup after a bleeding episode. The global prevalence is 1/500,000 (2), while one-third of patients with factor VII deficiency tend to remain asymptomatic during their life (3). The prevalence of factor VII deficiency may be underestimated because of asymptomatic patients, even if their FVII:C ratio is decreased (2). The median age for the discovery of an inherited defect is 8 years (2). The symptoms also vary case by case. Most often, epistaxis (60%), gum bleeding (34%), easy bruising (36%), and menorrhagia have been reported. Males and...

Introduction Plasmodium vivax  is the most widespread human malaria parasite, placing 3.3 billion people at risk worldwide (Battle et al., 2019). More recently, the P. vivax burden has been aggravated by growing evidence of its presence across all regions of Africa (Twohig et al., 2019). Challenges to the control and elimination of P. vivax include its ability to relapse, its remarkable transmission efficiency, and low-density blood-stage infections, often undetected by routine surveillance (Price et al., 2020). In non-immune humans, P. vivax causes a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic parasitemia and prodromal symptoms followed by uncomplicated fever to multiple life-threatening organ failure (Bassat and Alonso, 2011). P. vivax has a lower pyrogenic threshold (the parasite density required to evoke a fever), and common prodromal symptoms include headache, anorexia, malaise, myalgias and/or gastrointestinal sy...